Sigmund Freud was an Austrian physician, he developed the theory psychoanalysis in early twentieth century. Psychoanalysis explains the structure and development of personality. Our habits are develop through socialization, which are the repeated behavior and central part of our personality. Moreover, our personality is the outcome of socialization. Freud theory of socialization associate structure and development of personality with human physiological needs.
Structure of Personality, Id, Ego, Superego
According to Sigmund Freud, development of our personality is not completely dependent on our conscious experiences, however, most of the personality traits are developed through unconscious. Which contains the beliefs, urges, feeling and instincts of which we are not aware of. He believed that, our behavior is directed by unconscious. Furthermore, much of our personality is the outcome of our unconscious for example, our instinctual drives like desires, dreams, demands and needs.
To explain the structure of personality; Freud developed a theory, which comprises of three major components, which are, id, ego and superego. It is general model of personality which explains the contact of different forces which drives us to behave in a certain way. Id is the unorganized part of personality, which contains the basic biological urges (to eat, sleep, sex, defecate and copulate). Id part of our personality want to gratify these urges immediately. Superego is the part of our personality which wants us to be the perfect us, means a person which is liked, respected and loved by, the members of society. For example if we force ourselves on someone to gratify our sexual needs (Id) people will not like and respect us. So there is a conflict between Id and superego, and then there comes a part of our personality “Ego” to resolve the conflict between Id and superego. Ego is the decision making component, which satisfy Id without violating social norms and values of society or in a socially acceptable way. Fraud has also explained the stages of personality development, which is known as psychosexual stages.
