by Khushdil Khan Kasi | Sep 27, 2025 | Theories
Arlie Hochschild Emotional Labor When we think about work, most people immediately imagine physical tasks such as lifting, moving, typing, cooking, or other activities that involve the body. Others might think about mental work such as analyzing data, planning...
by Khushdil Khan Kasi | Sep 27, 2025 | Theories
Habermas versus Foucault on Power and Communication When we think about society and how people interact, one of the biggest questions is how power and communication are connected. Two of the most important thinkers who dealt with this issue are Jürgen Habermas...
by Khushdil Khan Kasi | Sep 27, 2025 | Theories
Manuel Castells Power and Identity in the Digital Age In today’s world, it is impossible to separate our lives from digital technologies. We wake up and check our phones, we use the internet for work, school, and social connections, and we express ourselves...
by Khushdil Khan Kasi | Sep 27, 2025 | Theories
Ulrich Beck Transformation of Work and Labor The world of work has changed more in the last few decades than at almost any other time in human history. Many of the stable jobs, predictable careers, and lifelong employment opportunities that existed for previous...
by Khushdil Khan Kasi | Sep 27, 2025 | Theories
Nancy Fraser’s Recognition and Redistribution In the world of social theory, Nancy Fraser is one of the most important voices who has tried to bridge the gap between two different ways of thinking about justice. Her ideas on recognition and redistribution...
by Khushdil Khan Kasi | Sep 24, 2025 | Theories
Zygmunt Bauman’s Liquid Modernity and Identity Imagine trying to build a house on a river. No matter how strong the walls you put up, the ground beneath it keeps shifting, the water keeps moving, and your home never feels stable. That is how the sociologist...
by Khushdil Khan Kasi | Sep 24, 2025 | Theories
Zygmunt Bauman’s Liquid Consumerism and Individualism In modern life, shopping and consumption are everywhere. We buy the newest phone, update our wardrobes, try out the latest foods, or scroll endlessly through online stores. For many people, these are...
by Khushdil Khan Kasi | Sep 24, 2025 | Theories
Manuel Castells and Informational Capitalism In today’s world, we often hear that information is power. But what does that really mean? The sociologist Manuel Castells took this idea seriously and argued that we are living in a new form of capitalism, which he...
by Khushdil Khan Kasi | Sep 24, 2025 | Theories
Ulrich Beck’s Cosmopolitan Vision When we think about the modern world, one thing is clear: people, ideas, goods, and problems move across borders faster than ever before. Planes carry millions of travelers daily, the internet connects strangers instantly...
by Khushdil Khan Kasi | Sep 24, 2025 | Theories
Immanuel Wallerstein’s Historical Social Systems When we think about human history, most of us picture events happening in specific places and times. We talk about the rise and fall of kingdoms, revolutions in particular countries, or technological inventions...
