According to “Karl Marx” men initiated to differentiate themselves from animal, as soon as they started to produce means of nourishment. He believed that, the fundamental reason behind social change is the development of productive forces. In the process of changing nature men transform themselves accordingly. Human history is evident of the process that how men changed themselves, they formulated more powerful ways to exploit their environment. Compare to other animals, who can adjust in natural environment without any resistance, human are active towards their surroundings, they produced tools with which they transformed the natural environment.
During the struggle to gain livelihood, people created institutions, which were very much production centric. All those institution except which existed in primitive communism, gave birth to social inequality. All the societies which emerged after the primitive communism introduced division of labor, which lead to the stratified classes of men in the society. These classes are differentiated in the society by their ownership or access to the means of production and their possession of power in the society. Whatever economic surplus is accumulated will be taken by the class who obtain power and own means of production.
History has witnessed confrontation between the different classes, the dominance of one strata over other is often challenged. The history of all the societies which existed until now is the history of class conflict. Following are the some example of class conflict which existed in different society, free man and slaves, aristocrat and commoner, landlord and peasant, bourgeoisie and proletariat and exploiters and exploited.
According to “Karl Marx”, he was never dependent on the contemporary conditions of society. He believed that world is always in changing state, it is not static. However his social change theory is based on economic factors of society, which results in development of different classes and class struggle.
