Personality Development-Psychosexual Stages

Tue, 25 Jul 2017 12:01:39 +0000

According to Sigmund Freud, personality develop through a series of psychosexual stages. He explained five stages of personality development. Each stage occur at different age from childhood till adulthood. During each stage from which a child pass through, they experience conflict between the social norms and their sexual urges. Another important concept which is discussed in Freud psychosexual stages is fixation, which states that, unresolved conflict during a particular stage may have impact on the personality, but not in childhood but in adulthood. Freud has associated all the stages with biological functions which assumed as focus of pleasure in a given stage or time. Following are the psychosexual stages of personality development, oral stage, anal stage, phallic stage, latency stage and genital stage.

Oral Stage

Focal point of pleasure in oral stage is baby mouth. During the first 12 to 18 month when the baby is born, child bite, suck, chew and mouth almost anything whatever they are able to put in their mouth. According to Freud mouth is the source of attaining sexual pleasure at this stage. Fixation at this stage occur due to feeding the baby every time when he cries, child should learn that there is a schedule of gratifying his oral needs. Otherwise child may withdraw the breast or bottle, which will result in fixation. The effect of fixation at oral stage may be excessively talking, eating and smoking in adulthood.

Anal Stage

At the age of 18 months till three years parents starts the toilet training of child; this stage is categorized as anal stage. During this stage the pleasure point of child shift from mouth to anal region. Retention and expulsion of feces are the sources of obtaining pleasure for a child. Fixation may occur in this stage due to demanding nature of trainer (which is usually mother) which results in unusual rigidity extremely orderliness or sloppiness in adulthood.

Phallic Stage

At the age of 3 to 6 years there is another drastic shift in the source of pleasure. Now the source of pleasure is shifted to genitalia. Children seek pleasure by touching or self-stimulating their genitals. During this stage, the oedipal conflict occurs which is boys develop sexual feelings towards their mothers and consider their father as rival for the affection of their mother. For girls this stage differs from boys they develop sexual feeling for their father and wish that they had a penis. For lacking the anatomical part girls blame their mothers. They think that they are castrated by their mother.

Latency Stage

At this stage oedipal conflict is resolved male and female both move forward to the next stage of personality development. Latency stage last till puberty, during this stage sexual interest become inactive even in unconscious. During adolescence the sexual feelings resurface which lead to the final stage

Genital stage

This stage extend till the death, the attainment of pleasure in this stage is sexual intercourse.

The post Personality Development-Psychosexual Stages appeared first on Sociology Learners.

]]>

Freud Theory on Socialization

Tue, 25 Jul 2017 11:55:09 +0000

Sigmund Freud was an Austrian physician, he developed the theory psychoanalysis in early twentieth century. Psychoanalysis explains the structure and development of personality. Our habits are develop through socialization, which are the repeated behavior and central part of our personality. Moreover, our personality is the outcome of socialization. Freud theory of socialization associate structure and development of personality with human physiological needs.

Structure of Personality, Id, Ego, Superego

According to Sigmund Freud, development of our personality is not completely dependent on our conscious experiences, however, most of the personality traits are developed through unconscious. Which contains the beliefs, urges, feeling and instincts of which we are not aware of. He believed that, our behavior is directed by unconscious. Furthermore, much of our personality is the outcome of our unconscious for example, our instinctual drives like desires, dreams, demands and needs.

To explain the structure of personality; Freud developed a theory, which comprises of three major components, which are, id, ego and superego. It is general model of personality which explains the contact of different forces which drives us to behave in a certain way. Id is the unorganized part of personality, which contains the basic biological urges (to eat, sleep, sex, defecate and copulate). Id part of our personality want to gratify these urges immediately. Superego is the part of our personality which wants us to be the perfect us, means a person which is liked, respected and loved by, the members of society. For example if we force ourselves on someone to gratify our sexual needs (Id) people will not like and respect us. So there is a conflict between Id and superego, and then there comes a part of our personality “Ego” to resolve the conflict between Id and superego. Ego is the decision making component, which satisfy Id without violating social norms and values of society or in a socially acceptable way. Fraud has also explained the stages of personality development, which is known as psychosexual stages.

The post Freud Theory on Socialization appeared first on Sociology Learners.

]]>

Sigmund Freud Archives - Sociology Learners